std::process

Struct ExitStatus

1.0.0 · source
pub struct ExitStatus(/* private fields */);
Expand description

Describes the result of a process after it has terminated.

This struct is used to represent the exit status or other termination of a child process. Child processes are created via the Command struct and their exit status is exposed through the status method, or the wait method of a Child process.

An ExitStatus represents every possible disposition of a process. On Unix this is the wait status. It is not simply an exit status (a value passed to exit).

For proper error reporting of failed processes, print the value of ExitStatus or ExitStatusError using their implementations of Display.

§Differences from ExitCode

ExitCode is intended for terminating the currently running process, via the Termination trait, in contrast to ExitStatus, which represents the termination of a child process. These APIs are separate due to platform compatibility differences and their expected usage; it is not generally possible to exactly reproduce an ExitStatus from a child for the current process after the fact.

Implementations§

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impl ExitStatus

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pub fn exit_ok(&self) -> Result<(), ExitStatusError>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (exit_status_error #84908)

Was termination successful? Returns a Result.

§Examples
#![feature(exit_status_error)]
use std::process::Command;

let status = Command::new("ls")
    .arg("/dev/nonexistent")
    .status()
    .expect("ls could not be executed");

println!("ls: {status}");
status.exit_ok().expect_err("/dev/nonexistent could be listed!");
1.0.0 · source

pub fn success(&self) -> bool

Was termination successful? Signal termination is not considered a success, and success is defined as a zero exit status.

§Examples
use std::process::Command;

let status = Command::new("mkdir")
    .arg("projects")
    .status()
    .expect("failed to execute mkdir");

if status.success() {
    println!("'projects/' directory created");
} else {
    println!("failed to create 'projects/' directory: {status}");
}
1.0.0 · source

pub fn code(&self) -> Option<i32>

Returns the exit code of the process, if any.

In Unix terms the return value is the exit status: the value passed to exit, if the process finished by calling exit. Note that on Unix the exit status is truncated to 8 bits, and that values that didn’t come from a program’s call to exit may be invented by the runtime system (often, for example, 255, 254, 127 or 126).

On Unix, this will return None if the process was terminated by a signal. ExitStatusExt is an extension trait for extracting any such signal, and other details, from the ExitStatus.

§Examples
use std::process::Command;

let status = Command::new("mkdir")
    .arg("projects")
    .status()
    .expect("failed to execute mkdir");

match status.code() {
    Some(code) => println!("Exited with status code: {code}"),
    None => println!("Process terminated by signal")
}

Trait Implementations§

1.0.0 · source§

impl Clone for ExitStatus

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fn clone(&self) -> ExitStatus

Returns a copy of the value. Read more
1.0.0 · source§

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source. Read more
1.0.0 · source§

impl Debug for ExitStatus

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fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter. Read more
1.73.0 · source§

impl Default for ExitStatus

The default value is one which indicates successful completion.

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fn default() -> Self

Returns the “default value” for a type. Read more
1.0.0 · source§

impl Display for ExitStatus

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fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter. Read more
1.0.0 · source§

impl ExitStatusExt for ExitStatus

Available on Unix only.
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fn from_raw(raw: i32) -> Self

Creates a new ExitStatus or ExitStatusError from the raw underlying integer status value from wait Read more
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fn signal(&self) -> Option<i32>

If the process was terminated by a signal, returns that signal. Read more
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fn core_dumped(&self) -> bool

If the process was terminated by a signal, says whether it dumped core.
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fn stopped_signal(&self) -> Option<i32>

If the process was stopped by a signal, returns that signal. Read more
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fn continued(&self) -> bool

Whether the process was continued from a stopped status. Read more
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fn into_raw(self) -> i32

Returns the underlying raw wait status. Read more
1.12.0 · source§

impl ExitStatusExt for ExitStatus

Available on Windows only.
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fn from_raw(raw: u32) -> Self

Creates a new ExitStatus from the raw underlying u32 return value of a process.
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impl From<ExitStatusError> for ExitStatus

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fn from(error: ExitStatusError) -> Self

Converts to this type from the input type.
1.0.0 · source§

impl PartialEq for ExitStatus

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fn eq(&self, other: &ExitStatus) -> bool

Tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.
1.0.0 · source§

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
1.0.0 · source§

impl Copy for ExitStatus

1.0.0 · source§

impl Eq for ExitStatus

1.0.0 · source§

impl StructuralPartialEq for ExitStatus

Auto Trait Implementations§

Blanket Implementations§

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impl<T> Any for T
where T: 'static + ?Sized,

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fn type_id(&self) -> TypeId

Gets the TypeId of self. Read more
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impl<T> Borrow<T> for T
where T: ?Sized,

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fn borrow(&self) -> &T

Immutably borrows from an owned value. Read more
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impl<T> BorrowMut<T> for T
where T: ?Sized,

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fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T

Mutably borrows from an owned value. Read more
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impl<T> CloneToUninit for T
where T: Clone,

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unsafe fn clone_to_uninit(&self, dst: *mut T)

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (clone_to_uninit #126799)
Performs copy-assignment from self to dst. Read more
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impl<T> From<T> for T

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fn from(t: T) -> T

Returns the argument unchanged.

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impl<T, U> Into<U> for T
where U: From<T>,

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fn into(self) -> U

Calls U::from(self).

That is, this conversion is whatever the implementation of From<T> for U chooses to do.

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impl<T> ToOwned for T
where T: Clone,

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type Owned = T

The resulting type after obtaining ownership.
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fn to_owned(&self) -> T

Creates owned data from borrowed data, usually by cloning. Read more
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fn clone_into(&self, target: &mut T)

Uses borrowed data to replace owned data, usually by cloning. Read more
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impl<T> ToString for T
where T: Display + ?Sized,

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default fn to_string(&self) -> String

Converts the given value to a String. Read more
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impl<T, U> TryFrom<U> for T
where U: Into<T>,

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type Error = Infallible

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.
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fn try_from(value: U) -> Result<T, <T as TryFrom<U>>::Error>

Performs the conversion.
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impl<T, U> TryInto<U> for T
where U: TryFrom<T>,

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type Error = <U as TryFrom<T>>::Error

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.
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fn try_into(self) -> Result<U, <U as TryFrom<T>>::Error>

Performs the conversion.