Primitive Type f64

1.0.0

Expand description

A 64-bit floating-point type (specifically, the “binary64” type defined in IEEE 754-2008).

This type is very similar to f32, but has increased precision by using twice as many bits. Please see the documentation for f32 or Wikipedia on double-precision values for more information.

Implementations§

source §

impl f64

1.0.0 · source

pub fn floor(self) -> f64

Returns the largest integer less than or equal to self.

This function always returns the precise result.

§Examples

let f = 3.7_f64;
let g = 3.0_f64;
let h = -3.7_f64;

assert_eq!(f.floor(), 3.0);
assert_eq!(g.floor(), 3.0);
assert_eq!(h.floor(), -4.0);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn ceil(self) -> f64

Returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to self.

This function always returns the precise result.

§Examples

let f = 3.01_f64;
let g = 4.0_f64;

assert_eq!(f.ceil(), 4.0);
assert_eq!(g.ceil(), 4.0);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn round(self) -> f64

Returns the nearest integer to self. If a value is half-way between two integers, round away from 0.0.

This function always returns the precise result.

§Examples

let f = 3.3_f64;
let g = -3.3_f64;
let h = -3.7_f64;
let i = 3.5_f64;
let j = 4.5_f64;

assert_eq!(f.round(), 3.0);
assert_eq!(g.round(), -3.0);
assert_eq!(h.round(), -4.0);
assert_eq!(i.round(), 4.0);
assert_eq!(j.round(), 5.0);

1.77.0 · source

pub fn round_ties_even(self) -> f64

Returns the nearest integer to a number. Rounds half-way cases to the number with an even least significant digit.

This function always returns the precise result.

§Examples

let f = 3.3_f64;
let g = -3.3_f64;
let h = 3.5_f64;
let i = 4.5_f64;

assert_eq!(f.round_ties_even(), 3.0);
assert_eq!(g.round_ties_even(), -3.0);
assert_eq!(h.round_ties_even(), 4.0);
assert_eq!(i.round_ties_even(), 4.0);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn trunc(self) -> f64

Returns the integer part of self. This means that non-integer numbers are always truncated towards zero.

This function always returns the precise result.

§Examples

let f = 3.7_f64;
let g = 3.0_f64;
let h = -3.7_f64;

assert_eq!(f.trunc(), 3.0);
assert_eq!(g.trunc(), 3.0);
assert_eq!(h.trunc(), -3.0);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn fract(self) -> f64

Returns the fractional part of self.

This function always returns the precise result.

§Examples

let x = 3.6_f64;
let y = -3.6_f64;
let abs_difference_x = (x.fract() - 0.6).abs();
let abs_difference_y = (y.fract() - (-0.6)).abs();

assert!(abs_difference_x < 1e-10);
assert!(abs_difference_y < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn abs(self) -> f64

Computes the absolute value of self.

This function always returns the precise result.

§Examples

let x = 3.5_f64;
let y = -3.5_f64;

assert_eq!(x.abs(), x);
assert_eq!(y.abs(), -y);

assert!(f64::NAN.abs().is_nan());

1.0.0 · source

pub fn signum(self) -> f64

Returns a number that represents the sign of self.

1.0 if the number is positive, +0.0 or INFINITY
-1.0 if the number is negative, -0.0 or NEG_INFINITY
NaN if the number is NaN

§Examples

let f = 3.5_f64;

assert_eq!(f.signum(), 1.0);
assert_eq!(f64::NEG_INFINITY.signum(), -1.0);

assert!(f64::NAN.signum().is_nan());

1.35.0 · source

pub fn copysign(self, sign: f64) -> f64

Returns a number composed of the magnitude of self and the sign of sign.

Equal to self if the sign of self and sign are the same, otherwise equal to -self. If self is a NaN, then a NaN with the same payload as self and the sign bit of sign is returned.

If sign is a NaN, then this operation will still carry over its sign into the result. Note that IEEE 754 doesn’t assign any meaning to the sign bit in case of a NaN, and as Rust doesn’t guarantee that the bit pattern of NaNs are conserved over arithmetic operations, the result of copysign with sign being a NaN might produce an unexpected or non-portable result. See the specification of NaN bit patterns for more info.

§Examples

let f = 3.5_f64;

assert_eq!(f.copysign(0.42), 3.5_f64);
assert_eq!(f.copysign(-0.42), -3.5_f64);
assert_eq!((-f).copysign(0.42), 3.5_f64);
assert_eq!((-f).copysign(-0.42), -3.5_f64);

assert!(f64::NAN.copysign(1.0).is_nan());

1.0.0 · source

pub fn mul_add(self, a: f64, b: f64) -> f64

Fused multiply-add. Computes (self * a) + b with only one rounding error, yielding a more accurate result than an unfused multiply-add.

Using mul_add may be more performant than an unfused multiply-add if the target architecture has a dedicated fma CPU instruction. However, this is not always true, and will be heavily dependant on designing algorithms with specific target hardware in mind.

§Precision

The result of this operation is guaranteed to be the rounded infinite-precision result. It is specified by IEEE 754 as fusedMultiplyAdd and guaranteed not to change.

§Examples

let m = 10.0_f64;
let x = 4.0_f64;
let b = 60.0_f64;

assert_eq!(m.mul_add(x, b), 100.0);
assert_eq!(m * x + b, 100.0);

let one_plus_eps = 1.0_f64 + f64::EPSILON;
let one_minus_eps = 1.0_f64 - f64::EPSILON;
let minus_one = -1.0_f64;

// The exact result (1 + eps) * (1 - eps) = 1 - eps * eps.
assert_eq!(one_plus_eps.mul_add(one_minus_eps, minus_one), -f64::EPSILON * f64::EPSILON);
// Different rounding with the non-fused multiply and add.
assert_eq!(one_plus_eps * one_minus_eps + minus_one, 0.0);

1.38.0 · source

pub fn div_euclid(self, rhs: f64) -> f64

Calculates Euclidean division, the matching method for rem_euclid.

This computes the integer n such that self = n * rhs + self.rem_euclid(rhs). In other words, the result is self / rhs rounded to the integer n such that self >= n * rhs.

§Precision

The result of this operation is guaranteed to be the rounded infinite-precision result.

§Examples

let a: f64 = 7.0;
let b = 4.0;
assert_eq!(a.div_euclid(b), 1.0); // 7.0 > 4.0 * 1.0
assert_eq!((-a).div_euclid(b), -2.0); // -7.0 >= 4.0 * -2.0
assert_eq!(a.div_euclid(-b), -1.0); // 7.0 >= -4.0 * -1.0
assert_eq!((-a).div_euclid(-b), 2.0); // -7.0 >= -4.0 * 2.0

1.38.0 · source

pub fn rem_euclid(self, rhs: f64) -> f64

Calculates the least nonnegative remainder of self (mod rhs).

In particular, the return value r satisfies 0.0 <= r < rhs.abs() in most cases. However, due to a floating point round-off error it can result in r == rhs.abs(), violating the mathematical definition, if self is much smaller than rhs.abs() in magnitude and self < 0.0. This result is not an element of the function’s codomain, but it is the closest floating point number in the real numbers and thus fulfills the property self == self.div_euclid(rhs) * rhs + self.rem_euclid(rhs) approximately.

§Precision

The result of this operation is guaranteed to be the rounded infinite-precision result.

§Examples

let a: f64 = 7.0;
let b = 4.0;
assert_eq!(a.rem_euclid(b), 3.0);
assert_eq!((-a).rem_euclid(b), 1.0);
assert_eq!(a.rem_euclid(-b), 3.0);
assert_eq!((-a).rem_euclid(-b), 1.0);
// limitation due to round-off error
assert!((-f64::EPSILON).rem_euclid(3.0) != 0.0);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn powi(self, n: i32) -> f64

Raises a number to an integer power.

Using this function is generally faster than using powf. It might have a different sequence of rounding operations than powf, so the results are not guaranteed to agree.

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next.

§Examples

let x = 2.0_f64;
let abs_difference = (x.powi(2) - (x * x)).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn powf(self, n: f64) -> f64

Raises a number to a floating point power.

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next.

§Examples

let x = 2.0_f64;
let abs_difference = (x.powf(2.0) - (x * x)).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn sqrt(self) -> f64

Returns the square root of a number.

Returns NaN if self is a negative number other than -0.0.

§Precision

The result of this operation is guaranteed to be the rounded infinite-precision result. It is specified by IEEE 754 as squareRoot and guaranteed not to change.

§Examples

let positive = 4.0_f64;
let negative = -4.0_f64;
let negative_zero = -0.0_f64;

assert_eq!(positive.sqrt(), 2.0);
assert!(negative.sqrt().is_nan());
assert!(negative_zero.sqrt() == negative_zero);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn exp(self) -> f64

Returns e^(self), (the exponential function).

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next.

§Examples

let one = 1.0_f64;
// e^1
let e = one.exp();

// ln(e) - 1 == 0
let abs_difference = (e.ln() - 1.0).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn exp2(self) -> f64

Returns 2^(self).

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next.

§Examples

let f = 2.0_f64;

// 2^2 - 4 == 0
let abs_difference = (f.exp2() - 4.0).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn ln(self) -> f64

Returns the natural logarithm of the number.

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next.

§Examples

let one = 1.0_f64;
// e^1
let e = one.exp();

// ln(e) - 1 == 0
let abs_difference = (e.ln() - 1.0).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn log(self, base: f64) -> f64

Returns the logarithm of the number with respect to an arbitrary base.

The result might not be correctly rounded owing to implementation details; self.log2() can produce more accurate results for base 2, and self.log10() can produce more accurate results for base 10.

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next.

§Examples

let twenty_five = 25.0_f64;

// log5(25) - 2 == 0
let abs_difference = (twenty_five.log(5.0) - 2.0).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn log2(self) -> f64

Returns the base 2 logarithm of the number.

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next.

§Examples

let four = 4.0_f64;

// log2(4) - 2 == 0
let abs_difference = (four.log2() - 2.0).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn log10(self) -> f64

Returns the base 10 logarithm of the number.

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next.

§Examples

let hundred = 100.0_f64;

// log10(100) - 2 == 0
let abs_difference = (hundred.log10() - 2.0).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn abs_sub(self, other: f64) -> f64

👎Deprecated since 1.10.0: you probably meant (self - other).abs(): this operation is (self - other).max(0.0) except that abs_sub also propagates NaNs (also known as fdim in C). If you truly need the positive difference, consider using that expression or the C function fdim, depending on how you wish to handle NaN (please consider filing an issue describing your use-case too).

The positive difference of two numbers.

If self <= other: 0.0
Else: self - other

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next. This function currently corresponds to the fdim from libc on Unix and Windows. Note that this might change in the future.

§Examples

let x = 3.0_f64;
let y = -3.0_f64;

let abs_difference_x = (x.abs_sub(1.0) - 2.0).abs();
let abs_difference_y = (y.abs_sub(1.0) - 0.0).abs();

assert!(abs_difference_x < 1e-10);
assert!(abs_difference_y < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn cbrt(self) -> f64

Returns the cube root of a number.

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next. This function currently corresponds to the cbrt from libc on Unix and Windows. Note that this might change in the future.

§Examples

let x = 8.0_f64;

// x^(1/3) - 2 == 0
let abs_difference = (x.cbrt() - 2.0).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn hypot(self, other: f64) -> f64

Compute the distance between the origin and a point (x, y) on the Euclidean plane. Equivalently, compute the length of the hypotenuse of a right-angle triangle with other sides having length x.abs() and y.abs().

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next. This function currently corresponds to the hypot from libc on Unix and Windows. Note that this might change in the future.

§Examples

let x = 2.0_f64;
let y = 3.0_f64;

// sqrt(x^2 + y^2)
let abs_difference = (x.hypot(y) - (x.powi(2) + y.powi(2)).sqrt()).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn sin(self) -> f64

Computes the sine of a number (in radians).

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next.

§Examples

let x = std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_2;

let abs_difference = (x.sin() - 1.0).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn cos(self) -> f64

Computes the cosine of a number (in radians).

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next.

§Examples

let x = 2.0 * std::f64::consts::PI;

let abs_difference = (x.cos() - 1.0).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn tan(self) -> f64

Computes the tangent of a number (in radians).

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next. This function currently corresponds to the tan from libc on Unix and Windows. Note that this might change in the future.

§Examples

let x = std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_4;
let abs_difference = (x.tan() - 1.0).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-14);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn asin(self) -> f64

Computes the arcsine of a number. Return value is in radians in the range [-pi/2, pi/2] or NaN if the number is outside the range [-1, 1].

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next. This function currently corresponds to the asin from libc on Unix and Windows. Note that this might change in the future.

§Examples

let f = std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_2;

// asin(sin(pi/2))
let abs_difference = (f.sin().asin() - std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_2).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn acos(self) -> f64

Computes the arccosine of a number. Return value is in radians in the range [0, pi] or NaN if the number is outside the range [-1, 1].

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next. This function currently corresponds to the acos from libc on Unix and Windows. Note that this might change in the future.

§Examples

let f = std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_4;

// acos(cos(pi/4))
let abs_difference = (f.cos().acos() - std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_4).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn atan(self) -> f64

Computes the arctangent of a number. Return value is in radians in the range [-pi/2, pi/2];

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next. This function currently corresponds to the atan from libc on Unix and Windows. Note that this might change in the future.

§Examples

let f = 1.0_f64;

// atan(tan(1))
let abs_difference = (f.tan().atan() - 1.0).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn atan2(self, other: f64) -> f64

Computes the four quadrant arctangent of self (y) and other (x) in radians.

x = 0, y = 0: 0
x >= 0: arctan(y/x) -> [-pi/2, pi/2]
y >= 0: arctan(y/x) + pi -> (pi/2, pi]
y < 0: arctan(y/x) - pi -> (-pi, -pi/2)

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next. This function currently corresponds to the atan2 from libc on Unix and Windows. Note that this might change in the future.

§Examples

// Positive angles measured counter-clockwise
// from positive x axis
// -pi/4 radians (45 deg clockwise)
let x1 = 3.0_f64;
let y1 = -3.0_f64;

// 3pi/4 radians (135 deg counter-clockwise)
let x2 = -3.0_f64;
let y2 = 3.0_f64;

let abs_difference_1 = (y1.atan2(x1) - (-std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_4)).abs();
let abs_difference_2 = (y2.atan2(x2) - (3.0 * std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_4)).abs();

assert!(abs_difference_1 < 1e-10);
assert!(abs_difference_2 < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn sin_cos(self) -> (f64, f64)

Simultaneously computes the sine and cosine of the number, x. Returns (sin(x), cos(x)).

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next. This function currently corresponds to the (f64::sin(x), f64::cos(x)). Note that this might change in the future.

§Examples

let x = std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_4;
let f = x.sin_cos();

let abs_difference_0 = (f.0 - x.sin()).abs();
let abs_difference_1 = (f.1 - x.cos()).abs();

assert!(abs_difference_0 < 1e-10);
assert!(abs_difference_1 < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn exp_m1(self) -> f64

Returns e^(self) - 1 in a way that is accurate even if the number is close to zero.

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next. This function currently corresponds to the expm1 from libc on Unix and Windows. Note that this might change in the future.

§Examples

let x = 1e-16_f64;

// for very small x, e^x is approximately 1 + x + x^2 / 2
let approx = x + x * x / 2.0;
let abs_difference = (x.exp_m1() - approx).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-20);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn ln_1p(self) -> f64

Returns ln(1+n) (natural logarithm) more accurately than if the operations were performed separately.

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next. This function currently corresponds to the log1p from libc on Unix and Windows. Note that this might change in the future.

§Examples

let x = 1e-16_f64;

// for very small x, ln(1 + x) is approximately x - x^2 / 2
let approx = x - x * x / 2.0;
let abs_difference = (x.ln_1p() - approx).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-20);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn sinh(self) -> f64

Hyperbolic sine function.

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next. This function currently corresponds to the sinh from libc on Unix and Windows. Note that this might change in the future.

§Examples

let e = std::f64::consts::E;
let x = 1.0_f64;

let f = x.sinh();
// Solving sinh() at 1 gives `(e^2-1)/(2e)`
let g = ((e * e) - 1.0) / (2.0 * e);
let abs_difference = (f - g).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn cosh(self) -> f64

Hyperbolic cosine function.

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next. This function currently corresponds to the cosh from libc on Unix and Windows. Note that this might change in the future.

§Examples

let e = std::f64::consts::E;
let x = 1.0_f64;
let f = x.cosh();
// Solving cosh() at 1 gives this result
let g = ((e * e) + 1.0) / (2.0 * e);
let abs_difference = (f - g).abs();

// Same result
assert!(abs_difference < 1.0e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn tanh(self) -> f64

Hyperbolic tangent function.

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next. This function currently corresponds to the tanh from libc on Unix and Windows. Note that this might change in the future.

§Examples

let e = std::f64::consts::E;
let x = 1.0_f64;

let f = x.tanh();
// Solving tanh() at 1 gives `(1 - e^(-2))/(1 + e^(-2))`
let g = (1.0 - e.powi(-2)) / (1.0 + e.powi(-2));
let abs_difference = (f - g).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1.0e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn asinh(self) -> f64

Inverse hyperbolic sine function.

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next.

§Examples

let x = 1.0_f64;
let f = x.sinh().asinh();

let abs_difference = (f - x).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1.0e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn acosh(self) -> f64

Inverse hyperbolic cosine function.

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next.

§Examples

let x = 1.0_f64;
let f = x.cosh().acosh();

let abs_difference = (f - x).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1.0e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn atanh(self) -> f64

Inverse hyperbolic tangent function.

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next.

§Examples

let e = std::f64::consts::E;
let f = e.tanh().atanh();

let abs_difference = (f - e).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1.0e-10);

source

pub fn gamma(self) -> f64

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (float_gamma #99842)

Gamma function.

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next. This function currently corresponds to the tgamma from libc on Unix and Windows. Note that this might change in the future.

§Examples

#![feature(float_gamma)]
let x = 5.0f64;

let abs_difference = (x.gamma() - 24.0).abs();

assert!(abs_difference <= f64::EPSILON);

source

pub fn ln_gamma(self) -> (f64, i32)

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (float_gamma #99842)

Natural logarithm of the absolute value of the gamma function

The integer part of the tuple indicates the sign of the gamma function.

§Unspecified precision

The precision of this function is non-deterministic. This means it varies by platform, Rust version, and can even differ within the same execution from one invocation to the next. This function currently corresponds to the lgamma_r from libc on Unix and Windows. Note that this might change in the future.

§Examples

#![feature(float_gamma)]
let x = 2.0f64;

let abs_difference = (x.ln_gamma().0 - 0.0).abs();

assert!(abs_difference <= f64::EPSILON);

source §

impl f64

1.43.0 · source

pub const RADIX: u32 = 2u32

The radix or base of the internal representation of f64.

1.43.0 · source

pub const MANTISSA_DIGITS: u32 = 53u32

Number of significant digits in base 2.

1.43.0 · source

pub const DIGITS: u32 = 15u32

Approximate number of significant digits in base 10.

This is the maximum x such that any decimal number with x significant digits can be converted to f64 and back without loss.

Equal to floor(log₁₀ 2^{MANTISSA_DIGITS − 1}).

1.43.0 · source

pub const EPSILON: f64 = 2.2204460492503131E-16f64

Machine epsilon value for f64.

This is the difference between 1.0 and the next larger representable number.

Equal to 2^{1 − MANTISSA_DIGITS}.

1.43.0 · source

pub const MIN: f64 = -1.7976931348623157E+308f64

Smallest finite f64 value.

Equal to −MAX.

1.43.0 · source

pub const MIN_POSITIVE: f64 = 2.2250738585072014E-308f64

Smallest positive normal f64 value.

Equal to 2^{MIN_EXP − 1}.

1.43.0 · source

pub const MAX: f64 = 1.7976931348623157E+308f64

Largest finite f64 value.

Equal to (1 − 2^{−MANTISSA_DIGITS}) 2^MAX_EXP.

1.43.0 · source

pub const MIN_EXP: i32 = -1_021i32

One greater than the minimum possible normal power of 2 exponent.

If x = MIN_EXP, then normal numbers ≥ 0.5 × 2^x.

1.43.0 · source

pub const MAX_EXP: i32 = 1_024i32

Maximum possible power of 2 exponent.

If x = MAX_EXP, then normal numbers < 1 × 2^x.

1.43.0 · source

pub const MIN_10_EXP: i32 = -307i32

Minimum x for which 10^x is normal.

Equal to ceil(log₁₀ MIN_POSITIVE).

1.43.0 · source

pub const MAX_10_EXP: i32 = 308i32

Maximum x for which 10^x is normal.

Equal to floor(log₁₀ MAX).

1.43.0 · source

pub const NAN: f64 = NaN_f64

Not a Number (NaN).

Note that IEEE 754 doesn’t define just a single NaN value; a plethora of bit patterns are considered to be NaN. Furthermore, the standard makes a difference between a “signaling” and a “quiet” NaN, and allows inspecting its “payload” (the unspecified bits in the bit pattern). This constant isn’t guaranteed to equal to any specific NaN bitpattern, and the stability of its representation over Rust versions and target platforms isn’t guaranteed.

1.43.0 · source

pub const INFINITY: f64 = +Inf_f64

Infinity (∞).

1.43.0 · source

pub const NEG_INFINITY: f64 = -Inf_f64

Negative infinity (−∞).

1.0.0 (const: unstable) · source

pub fn is_nan(self) -> bool

Returns true if this value is NaN.

let nan = f64::NAN;
let f = 7.0_f64;

assert!(nan.is_nan());
assert!(!f.is_nan());

1.0.0 (const: unstable) · source

pub fn is_infinite(self) -> bool

Returns true if this value is positive infinity or negative infinity, and false otherwise.

let f = 7.0f64;
let inf = f64::INFINITY;
let neg_inf = f64::NEG_INFINITY;
let nan = f64::NAN;

assert!(!f.is_infinite());
assert!(!nan.is_infinite());

assert!(inf.is_infinite());
assert!(neg_inf.is_infinite());

1.0.0 (const: unstable) · source

pub fn is_finite(self) -> bool

Returns true if this number is neither infinite nor NaN.

let f = 7.0f64;
let inf: f64 = f64::INFINITY;
let neg_inf: f64 = f64::NEG_INFINITY;
let nan: f64 = f64::NAN;

assert!(f.is_finite());

assert!(!nan.is_finite());
assert!(!inf.is_finite());
assert!(!neg_inf.is_finite());

1.53.0 (const: unstable) · source

pub fn is_subnormal(self) -> bool

Returns true if the number is subnormal.

let min = f64::MIN_POSITIVE; // 2.2250738585072014e-308_f64
let max = f64::MAX;
let lower_than_min = 1.0e-308_f64;
let zero = 0.0_f64;

assert!(!min.is_subnormal());
assert!(!max.is_subnormal());

assert!(!zero.is_subnormal());
assert!(!f64::NAN.is_subnormal());
assert!(!f64::INFINITY.is_subnormal());
// Values between `0` and `min` are Subnormal.
assert!(lower_than_min.is_subnormal());

1.0.0 (const: unstable) · source

pub fn is_normal(self) -> bool

Returns true if the number is neither zero, infinite, subnormal, or NaN.

let min = f64::MIN_POSITIVE; // 2.2250738585072014e-308f64
let max = f64::MAX;
let lower_than_min = 1.0e-308_f64;
let zero = 0.0f64;

assert!(min.is_normal());
assert!(max.is_normal());

assert!(!zero.is_normal());
assert!(!f64::NAN.is_normal());
assert!(!f64::INFINITY.is_normal());
// Values between `0` and `min` are Subnormal.
assert!(!lower_than_min.is_normal());

1.0.0 (const: unstable) · source

pub fn classify(self) -> FpCategory

Returns the floating point category of the number. If only one property is going to be tested, it is generally faster to use the specific predicate instead.

use std::num::FpCategory;

let num = 12.4_f64;
let inf = f64::INFINITY;

assert_eq!(num.classify(), FpCategory::Normal);
assert_eq!(inf.classify(), FpCategory::Infinite);

1.0.0 (const: unstable) · source

pub fn is_sign_positive(self) -> bool

Returns true if self has a positive sign, including +0.0, NaNs with positive sign bit and positive infinity.

Note that IEEE 754 doesn’t assign any meaning to the sign bit in case of a NaN, and as Rust doesn’t guarantee that the bit pattern of NaNs are conserved over arithmetic operations, the result of is_sign_positive on a NaN might produce an unexpected or non-portable result. See the specification of NaN bit patterns for more info. Use self.signum() == 1.0 if you need fully portable behavior (will return false for all NaNs).

let f = 7.0_f64;
let g = -7.0_f64;

assert!(f.is_sign_positive());
assert!(!g.is_sign_positive());

1.0.0 (const: unstable) · source

pub fn is_sign_negative(self) -> bool

Returns true if self has a negative sign, including -0.0, NaNs with negative sign bit and negative infinity.

Note that IEEE 754 doesn’t assign any meaning to the sign bit in case of a NaN, and as Rust doesn’t guarantee that the bit pattern of NaNs are conserved over arithmetic operations, the result of is_sign_negative on a NaN might produce an unexpected or non-portable result. See the specification of NaN bit patterns for more info. Use self.signum() == -1.0 if you need fully portable behavior (will return false for all NaNs).

let f = 7.0_f64;
let g = -7.0_f64;

assert!(!f.is_sign_negative());
assert!(g.is_sign_negative());

source

pub const fn next_up(self) -> f64

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (float_next_up_down #91399)

Returns the least number greater than self.

Let TINY be the smallest representable positive f64. Then,

if self.is_nan(), this returns self;
if self is NEG_INFINITY, this returns MIN;
if self is -TINY, this returns -0.0;
if self is -0.0 or +0.0, this returns TINY;
if self is MAX or INFINITY, this returns INFINITY;
otherwise the unique least value greater than self is returned.

The identity x.next_up() == -(-x).next_down() holds for all non-NaN x. When x is finite x == x.next_up().next_down() also holds.

#![feature(float_next_up_down)]
// f64::EPSILON is the difference between 1.0 and the next number up.
assert_eq!(1.0f64.next_up(), 1.0 + f64::EPSILON);
// But not for most numbers.
assert!(0.1f64.next_up() < 0.1 + f64::EPSILON);
assert_eq!(9007199254740992f64.next_up(), 9007199254740994.0);

source

pub const fn next_down(self) -> f64

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (float_next_up_down #91399)

Returns the greatest number less than self.

Let TINY be the smallest representable positive f64. Then,

if self.is_nan(), this returns self;
if self is INFINITY, this returns MAX;
if self is TINY, this returns 0.0;
if self is -0.0 or +0.0, this returns -TINY;
if self is MIN or NEG_INFINITY, this returns NEG_INFINITY;
otherwise the unique greatest value less than self is returned.

The identity x.next_down() == -(-x).next_up() holds for all non-NaN x. When x is finite x == x.next_down().next_up() also holds.

#![feature(float_next_up_down)]
let x = 1.0f64;
// Clamp value into range [0, 1).
let clamped = x.clamp(0.0, 1.0f64.next_down());
assert!(clamped < 1.0);
assert_eq!(clamped.next_up(), 1.0);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn recip(self) -> f64

Takes the reciprocal (inverse) of a number, 1/x.

let x = 2.0_f64;
let abs_difference = (x.recip() - (1.0 / x)).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn to_degrees(self) -> f64

Converts radians to degrees.

let angle = std::f64::consts::PI;

let abs_difference = (angle.to_degrees() - 180.0).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn to_radians(self) -> f64

Converts degrees to radians.

let angle = 180.0_f64;

let abs_difference = (angle.to_radians() - std::f64::consts::PI).abs();

assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn max(self, other: f64) -> f64

Returns the maximum of the two numbers, ignoring NaN.

If one of the arguments is NaN, then the other argument is returned. This follows the IEEE 754-2008 semantics for maxNum, except for handling of signaling NaNs; this function handles all NaNs the same way and avoids maxNum’s problems with associativity. This also matches the behavior of libm’s fmax.

let x = 1.0_f64;
let y = 2.0_f64;

assert_eq!(x.max(y), y);

1.0.0 · source

pub fn min(self, other: f64) -> f64

Returns the minimum of the two numbers, ignoring NaN.

If one of the arguments is NaN, then the other argument is returned. This follows the IEEE 754-2008 semantics for minNum, except for handling of signaling NaNs; this function handles all NaNs the same way and avoids minNum’s problems with associativity. This also matches the behavior of libm’s fmin.

let x = 1.0_f64;
let y = 2.0_f64;

assert_eq!(x.min(y), x);

source

pub fn maximum(self, other: f64) -> f64

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (float_minimum_maximum #91079)

Returns the maximum of the two numbers, propagating NaN.

This returns NaN when either argument is NaN, as opposed to f64::max which only returns NaN when both arguments are NaN.

#![feature(float_minimum_maximum)]
let x = 1.0_f64;
let y = 2.0_f64;

assert_eq!(x.maximum(y), y);
assert!(x.maximum(f64::NAN).is_nan());

If one of the arguments is NaN, then NaN is returned. Otherwise this returns the greater of the two numbers. For this operation, -0.0 is considered to be less than +0.0. Note that this follows the semantics specified in IEEE 754-2019.

Also note that “propagation” of NaNs here doesn’t necessarily mean that the bitpattern of a NaN operand is conserved; see the specification of NaN bit patterns for more info.

source

pub fn minimum(self, other: f64) -> f64

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (float_minimum_maximum #91079)

Returns the minimum of the two numbers, propagating NaN.

This returns NaN when either argument is NaN, as opposed to f64::min which only returns NaN when both arguments are NaN.

#![feature(float_minimum_maximum)]
let x = 1.0_f64;
let y = 2.0_f64;

assert_eq!(x.minimum(y), x);
assert!(x.minimum(f64::NAN).is_nan());

If one of the arguments is NaN, then NaN is returned. Otherwise this returns the lesser of the two numbers. For this operation, -0.0 is considered to be less than +0.0. Note that this follows the semantics specified in IEEE 754-2019.

Also note that “propagation” of NaNs here doesn’t necessarily mean that the bitpattern of a NaN operand is conserved; see the specification of NaN bit patterns for more info.

source

pub fn midpoint(self, other: f64) -> f64

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (num_midpoint #110840)

Calculates the middle point of self and rhs.

This returns NaN when either argument is NaN or if a combination of +inf and -inf is provided as arguments.

§Examples

#![feature(num_midpoint)]
assert_eq!(1f64.midpoint(4.0), 2.5);
assert_eq!((-5.5f64).midpoint(8.0), 1.25);

1.44.0 · source

pub unsafe fn to_int_unchecked<Int>(self) -> Int
where f64: FloatToInt<Int>,

Rounds toward zero and converts to any primitive integer type, assuming that the value is finite and fits in that type.

let value = 4.6_f64;
let rounded = unsafe { value.to_int_unchecked::<u16>() };
assert_eq!(rounded, 4);

let value = -128.9_f64;
let rounded = unsafe { value.to_int_unchecked::<i8>() };
assert_eq!(rounded, i8::MIN);

§Safety

The value must:

Not be NaN
Not be infinite
Be representable in the return type Int, after truncating off its fractional part

1.20.0 (const: 1.83.0) · source

pub const fn to_bits(self) -> u64

Raw transmutation to u64.

This is currently identical to transmute::<f64, u64>(self) on all platforms.

See from_bits for some discussion of the portability of this operation (there are almost no issues).

Note that this function is distinct from as casting, which attempts to preserve the numeric value, and not the bitwise value.

§Examples

assert!((1f64).to_bits() != 1f64 as u64); // to_bits() is not casting!
assert_eq!((12.5f64).to_bits(), 0x4029000000000000);

1.20.0 (const: 1.83.0) · source

pub const fn from_bits(v: u64) -> f64

Raw transmutation from u64.

This is currently identical to transmute::<u64, f64>(v) on all platforms. It turns out this is incredibly portable, for two reasons:

Floats and Ints have the same endianness on all supported platforms.
IEEE 754 very precisely specifies the bit layout of floats.

However there is one caveat: prior to the 2008 version of IEEE 754, how to interpret the NaN signaling bit wasn’t actually specified. Most platforms (notably x86 and ARM) picked the interpretation that was ultimately standardized in 2008, but some didn’t (notably MIPS). As a result, all signaling NaNs on MIPS are quiet NaNs on x86, and vice-versa.

Rather than trying to preserve signaling-ness cross-platform, this implementation favors preserving the exact bits. This means that any payloads encoded in NaNs will be preserved even if the result of this method is sent over the network from an x86 machine to a MIPS one.

If the results of this method are only manipulated by the same architecture that produced them, then there is no portability concern.

If the input isn’t NaN, then there is no portability concern.

If you don’t care about signaling-ness (very likely), then there is no portability concern.

Note that this function is distinct from as casting, which attempts to preserve the numeric value, and not the bitwise value.

§Examples

let v = f64::from_bits(0x4029000000000000);
assert_eq!(v, 12.5);

1.40.0 (const: 1.83.0) · source

pub const fn to_be_bytes(self) -> [u8; 8]

Returns the memory representation of this floating point number as a byte array in big-endian (network) byte order.

See from_bits for some discussion of the portability of this operation (there are almost no issues).

§Examples

let bytes = 12.5f64.to_be_bytes();
assert_eq!(bytes, [0x40, 0x29, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00]);

1.40.0 (const: 1.83.0) · source

pub const fn to_le_bytes(self) -> [u8; 8]

Returns the memory representation of this floating point number as a byte array in little-endian byte order.

See from_bits for some discussion of the portability of this operation (there are almost no issues).

§Examples

let bytes = 12.5f64.to_le_bytes();
assert_eq!(bytes, [0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x29, 0x40]);

1.40.0 (const: 1.83.0) · source

pub const fn to_ne_bytes(self) -> [u8; 8]

Returns the memory representation of this floating point number as a byte array in native byte order.

As the target platform’s native endianness is used, portable code should use to_be_bytes or to_le_bytes, as appropriate, instead.

See from_bits for some discussion of the portability of this operation (there are almost no issues).

§Examples

let bytes = 12.5f64.to_ne_bytes();
assert_eq!(
    bytes,
    if cfg!(target_endian = "big") {
        [0x40, 0x29, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00]
    } else {
        [0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x29, 0x40]
    }
);

1.40.0 (const: 1.83.0) · source

pub const fn from_be_bytes(bytes: [u8; 8]) -> f64

Creates a floating point value from its representation as a byte array in big endian.

See from_bits for some discussion of the portability of this operation (there are almost no issues).

§Examples

let value = f64::from_be_bytes([0x40, 0x29, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00]);
assert_eq!(value, 12.5);

1.40.0 (const: 1.83.0) · source

pub const fn from_le_bytes(bytes: [u8; 8]) -> f64

Creates a floating point value from its representation as a byte array in little endian.

See from_bits for some discussion of the portability of this operation (there are almost no issues).

§Examples

let value = f64::from_le_bytes([0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x29, 0x40]);
assert_eq!(value, 12.5);

1.40.0 (const: 1.83.0) · source

pub const fn from_ne_bytes(bytes: [u8; 8]) -> f64

Creates a floating point value from its representation as a byte array in native endian.

As the target platform’s native endianness is used, portable code likely wants to use from_be_bytes or from_le_bytes, as appropriate instead.

See from_bits for some discussion of the portability of this operation (there are almost no issues).

§Examples

let value = f64::from_ne_bytes(if cfg!(target_endian = "big") {
    [0x40, 0x29, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00]
} else {
    [0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x29, 0x40]
});
assert_eq!(value, 12.5);

1.62.0 · source

pub fn total_cmp(&self, other: &f64) -> Ordering

Returns the ordering between self and other.

Unlike the standard partial comparison between floating point numbers, this comparison always produces an ordering in accordance to the totalOrder predicate as defined in the IEEE 754 (2008 revision) floating point standard. The values are ordered in the following sequence:

negative quiet NaN
negative signaling NaN
negative infinity
negative numbers
negative subnormal numbers
negative zero
positive zero
positive subnormal numbers
positive numbers
positive infinity
positive signaling NaN
positive quiet NaN.

The ordering established by this function does not always agree with the PartialOrd and PartialEq implementations of f64. For example, they consider negative and positive zero equal, while total_cmp doesn’t.

The interpretation of the signaling NaN bit follows the definition in the IEEE 754 standard, which may not match the interpretation by some of the older, non-conformant (e.g. MIPS) hardware implementations.

§Example

struct GoodBoy {
    name: String,
    weight: f64,
}

let mut bois = vec![
    GoodBoy { name: "Pucci".to_owned(), weight: 0.1 },
    GoodBoy { name: "Woofer".to_owned(), weight: 99.0 },
    GoodBoy { name: "Yapper".to_owned(), weight: 10.0 },
    GoodBoy { name: "Chonk".to_owned(), weight: f64::INFINITY },
    GoodBoy { name: "Abs. Unit".to_owned(), weight: f64::NAN },
    GoodBoy { name: "Floaty".to_owned(), weight: -5.0 },
];

bois.sort_by(|a, b| a.weight.total_cmp(&b.weight));

// `f64::NAN` could be positive or negative, which will affect the sort order.
if f64::NAN.is_sign_negative() {
    assert!(bois.into_iter().map(|b| b.weight)
        .zip([f64::NAN, -5.0, 0.1, 10.0, 99.0, f64::INFINITY].iter())
        .all(|(a, b)| a.to_bits() == b.to_bits()))
} else {
    assert!(bois.into_iter().map(|b| b.weight)
        .zip([-5.0, 0.1, 10.0, 99.0, f64::INFINITY, f64::NAN].iter())
        .all(|(a, b)| a.to_bits() == b.to_bits()))
}

1.50.0 · source

pub fn clamp(self, min: f64, max: f64) -> f64

Restrict a value to a certain interval unless it is NaN.

Returns max if self is greater than max, and min if self is less than min. Otherwise this returns self.

Note that this function returns NaN if the initial value was NaN as well.

§Panics

Panics if min > max, min is NaN, or max is NaN.

§Examples

assert!((-3.0f64).clamp(-2.0, 1.0) == -2.0);
assert!((0.0f64).clamp(-2.0, 1.0) == 0.0);
assert!((2.0f64).clamp(-2.0, 1.0) == 1.0);
assert!((f64::NAN).clamp(-2.0, 1.0).is_nan());

Trait Implementations§

1.0.0 · source§

impl Add<&f64> for &f64

source §

type Output = <f64 as Add>::Output

The resulting type after applying the + operator.

source §

fn add(self, other: &f64) -> <f64 as Add>::Output

Performs the + operation. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

impl Add<&f64> for f64

source §

type Output = <f64 as Add>::Output

The resulting type after applying the + operator.

source §

fn add(self, other: &f64) -> <f64 as Add>::Output

Performs the + operation. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

impl<'a> Add<f64> for &'a f64

source §

type Output = <f64 as Add>::Output

The resulting type after applying the + operator.

source §

fn add(self, other: f64) -> <f64 as Add>::Output

Performs the + operation. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

impl Add for f64

source §

type Output = f64

The resulting type after applying the + operator.

source §

fn add(self, other: f64) -> f64

Performs the + operation. Read more

1.22.0 · source§

impl AddAssign<&f64> for f64

source §

fn add_assign(&mut self, other: &f64)

Performs the += operation. Read more

1.8.0 · source§

impl AddAssign for f64

source §

fn add_assign(&mut self, other: f64)

Performs the += operation. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

impl Clone for f64

source §

fn clone(&self) -> f64

Returns a copy of the value. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

impl Debug for f64

source §

fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Formats the value using the given formatter. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

impl Default for f64

source §

fn default() -> f64

Returns the default value of 0.0

1.0.0 · source§

impl Display for f64

source §

fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Formats the value using the given formatter. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

impl Div<&f64> for &f64

source §

type Output = <f64 as Div>::Output

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

source §

fn div(self, other: &f64) -> <f64 as Div>::Output

Performs the / operation. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

impl Div<&f64> for f64

source §

type Output = <f64 as Div>::Output

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

source §

fn div(self, other: &f64) -> <f64 as Div>::Output

Performs the / operation. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

impl<'a> Div<f64> for &'a f64

source §

type Output = <f64 as Div>::Output

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

source §

fn div(self, other: f64) -> <f64 as Div>::Output

Performs the / operation. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

impl Div for f64

source §

type Output = f64

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

source §

fn div(self, other: f64) -> f64

Performs the / operation. Read more

1.22.0 · source§

impl DivAssign<&f64> for f64

source §

fn div_assign(&mut self, other: &f64)

Performs the /= operation. Read more

1.8.0 · source§

impl DivAssign for f64

source §

fn div_assign(&mut self, other: f64)

Performs the /= operation. Read more

1.68.0 · source§

impl From<bool> for f64

source §

fn from(small: bool) -> f64

Converts a bool to f64 losslessly. The resulting value is positive 0.0 for false and 1.0 for true values.

§Examples

let x: f64 = false.into();
assert_eq!(x, 0.0);
assert!(x.is_sign_positive());

let y: f64 = true.into();
assert_eq!(y, 1.0);

1.6.0 · source§

impl From<f16> for f64

source §

fn from(small: f16) -> f64

Converts f16 to f64 losslessly.

1.6.0 · source§

impl From<f32> for f64

source §

fn from(small: f32) -> f64

Converts f32 to f64 losslessly.

1.6.0 · source§

impl From<f64> for f128

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fn from(small: f64) -> f128

Converts f64 to f128 losslessly.

1.6.0 · source§

impl From<i16> for f64

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fn from(small: i16) -> f64

Converts i16 to f64 losslessly.

1.6.0 · source§

impl From<i32> for f64

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fn from(small: i32) -> f64

Converts i32 to f64 losslessly.

1.6.0 · source§

impl From<i8> for f64

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fn from(small: i8) -> f64

Converts i8 to f64 losslessly.

1.6.0 · source§

impl From<u16> for f64

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fn from(small: u16) -> f64

Converts u16 to f64 losslessly.

1.6.0 · source§

impl From<u32> for f64

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fn from(small: u32) -> f64

Converts u32 to f64 losslessly.

1.6.0 · source§

impl From<u8> for f64

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fn from(small: u8) -> f64

Converts u8 to f64 losslessly.

1.0.0 · source§

impl FromStr for f64

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fn from_str(src: &str) -> Result<f64, ParseFloatError>

Converts a string in base 10 to a float. Accepts an optional decimal exponent.

This function accepts strings such as

‘3.14’
‘-3.14’
‘2.5E10’, or equivalently, ‘2.5e10’
‘2.5E-10’
‘5.’
‘.5’, or, equivalently, ‘0.5’
‘inf’, ‘-inf’, ‘+infinity’, ‘NaN’

Note that alphabetical characters are not case-sensitive.

Leading and trailing whitespace represent an error.

§Grammar

All strings that adhere to the following EBNF grammar when lowercased will result in an Ok being returned:

Float  ::= Sign? ( 'inf' | 'infinity' | 'nan' | Number )
Number ::= ( Digit+ |
             Digit+ '.' Digit* |
             Digit* '.' Digit+ ) Exp?
Exp    ::= 'e' Sign? Digit+
Sign   ::= [+-]
Digit  ::= [0-9]

§Arguments

src - A string

§Return value

Err(ParseFloatError) if the string did not represent a valid number. Otherwise, Ok(n) where n is the closest representable floating-point number to the number represented by src (following the same rules for rounding as for the results of primitive operations).

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type Err = ParseFloatError

The associated error which can be returned from parsing.

1.0.0 · source§

impl LowerExp for f64

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fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Formats the value using the given formatter. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

impl Mul<&f64> for &f64

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type Output = <f64 as Mul>::Output

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

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fn mul(self, other: &f64) -> <f64 as Mul>::Output

Performs the * operation. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

impl Mul<&f64> for f64

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type Output = <f64 as Mul>::Output

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

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fn mul(self, other: &f64) -> <f64 as Mul>::Output

Performs the * operation. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

impl<'a> Mul<f64> for &'a f64

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type Output = <f64 as Mul>::Output

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

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fn mul(self, other: f64) -> <f64 as Mul>::Output

Performs the * operation. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

impl Mul for f64

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type Output = f64

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

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fn mul(self, other: f64) -> f64

Performs the * operation. Read more

1.22.0 · source§

impl MulAssign<&f64> for f64

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fn mul_assign(&mut self, other: &f64)

Performs the *= operation. Read more

1.8.0 · source§

impl MulAssign for f64

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fn mul_assign(&mut self, other: f64)

Performs the *= operation. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

impl Neg for &f64

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type Output = <f64 as Neg>::Output

The resulting type after applying the - operator.

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fn neg(self) -> <f64 as Neg>::Output

Performs the unary - operation. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

impl Neg for f64

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type Output = f64

The resulting type after applying the - operator.

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fn neg(self) -> f64

Performs the unary - operation. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

impl PartialEq for f64

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fn eq(&self, other: &f64) -> bool

Tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.

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fn ne(&self, other: &f64) -> bool

Tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.

1.0.0 · source§

impl PartialOrd for f64

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fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &f64) -> Option<Ordering>

This method returns an ordering between self and other values if one exists. Read more

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fn lt(&self, other: &f64) -> bool

Tests less than (for self and other) and is used by the < operator. Read more

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fn le(&self, other: &f64) -> bool

Tests less than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the <= operator. Read more

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fn ge(&self, other: &f64) -> bool

Tests greater than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the >= operator. Read more

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fn gt(&self, other: &f64) -> bool

Tests greater than (for self and other) and is used by the > operator. Read more

1.12.0 · source§

impl<'a> Product<&'a f64> for f64

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fn product(iter: I) -> f64
where I: Iterator<Item = &'a f64>,

Takes an iterator and generates Self from the elements by multiplying the items.

1.12.0 · source§

impl Product for f64

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fn product(iter: I) -> f64
where I: Iterator<Item = f64>,

Takes an iterator and generates Self from the elements by multiplying the items.

1.0.0 · source§

impl Rem<&f64> for &f64

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type Output = <f64 as Rem>::Output

The resulting type after applying the % operator.

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fn rem(self, other: &f64) -> <f64 as Rem>::Output

Performs the % operation. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

impl Rem<&f64> for f64

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type Output = <f64 as Rem>::Output

The resulting type after applying the % operator.

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fn rem(self, other: &f64) -> <f64 as Rem>::Output

Performs the % operation. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

impl<'a> Rem<f64> for &'a f64

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type Output = <f64 as Rem>::Output

The resulting type after applying the % operator.

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fn rem(self, other: f64) -> <f64 as Rem>::Output

Performs the % operation. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

impl Rem for f64

The remainder from the division of two floats.

The remainder has the same sign as the dividend and is computed as: x - (x / y).trunc() * y.

§Examples

let x: f32 = 50.50;
let y: f32 = 8.125;
let remainder = x - (x / y).trunc() * y;

// The answer to both operations is 1.75
assert_eq!(x % y, remainder);

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