Struct std::sync::mpsc::Receiver

1.0.0 · source · []
pub struct Receiver<T> { /* private fields */ }
Expand description

The receiving half of Rust’s channel (or sync_channel) type. This half can only be owned by one thread.

Messages sent to the channel can be retrieved using recv.

Examples

use std::sync::mpsc::channel;
use std::thread;
use std::time::Duration;

let (send, recv) = channel();

thread::spawn(move || {
    send.send("Hello world!").unwrap();
    thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(2)); // block for two seconds
    send.send("Delayed for 2 seconds").unwrap();
});

println!("{}", recv.recv().unwrap()); // Received immediately
println!("Waiting...");
println!("{}", recv.recv().unwrap()); // Received after 2 seconds
Run

Implementations

Attempts to return a pending value on this receiver without blocking.

This method will never block the caller in order to wait for data to become available. Instead, this will always return immediately with a possible option of pending data on the channel.

This is useful for a flavor of “optimistic check” before deciding to block on a receiver.

Compared with recv, this function has two failure cases instead of one (one for disconnection, one for an empty buffer).

Examples
use std::sync::mpsc::{Receiver, channel};

let (_, receiver): (_, Receiver<i32>) = channel();

assert!(receiver.try_recv().is_err());
Run

Attempts to wait for a value on this receiver, returning an error if the corresponding channel has hung up.

This function will always block the current thread if there is no data available and it’s possible for more data to be sent (at least one sender still exists). Once a message is sent to the corresponding Sender (or SyncSender), this receiver will wake up and return that message.

If the corresponding Sender has disconnected, or it disconnects while this call is blocking, this call will wake up and return Err to indicate that no more messages can ever be received on this channel. However, since channels are buffered, messages sent before the disconnect will still be properly received.

Examples
use std::sync::mpsc;
use std::thread;

let (send, recv) = mpsc::channel();
let handle = thread::spawn(move || {
    send.send(1u8).unwrap();
});

handle.join().unwrap();

assert_eq!(Ok(1), recv.recv());
Run

Buffering behavior:

use std::sync::mpsc;
use std::thread;
use std::sync::mpsc::RecvError;

let (send, recv) = mpsc::channel();
let handle = thread::spawn(move || {
    send.send(1u8).unwrap();
    send.send(2).unwrap();
    send.send(3).unwrap();
    drop(send);
});

// wait for the thread to join so we ensure the sender is dropped
handle.join().unwrap();

assert_eq!(Ok(1), recv.recv());
assert_eq!(Ok(2), recv.recv());
assert_eq!(Ok(3), recv.recv());
assert_eq!(Err(RecvError), recv.recv());
Run

Attempts to wait for a value on this receiver, returning an error if the corresponding channel has hung up, or if it waits more than timeout.

This function will always block the current thread if there is no data available and it’s possible for more data to be sent (at least one sender still exists). Once a message is sent to the corresponding Sender (or SyncSender), this receiver will wake up and return that message.

If the corresponding Sender has disconnected, or it disconnects while this call is blocking, this call will wake up and return Err to indicate that no more messages can ever be received on this channel. However, since channels are buffered, messages sent before the disconnect will still be properly received.

Known Issues

There is currently a known issue (see #39364) that causes recv_timeout to panic unexpectedly with the following example:

use std::sync::mpsc::channel;
use std::thread;
use std::time::Duration;

let (tx, rx) = channel::<String>();

thread::spawn(move || {
    let d = Duration::from_millis(10);
    loop {
        println!("recv");
        let _r = rx.recv_timeout(d);
    }
});

thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(100));
let _c1 = tx.clone();

thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));
Run
Examples

Successfully receiving value before encountering timeout:

use std::thread;
use std::time::Duration;
use std::sync::mpsc;

let (send, recv) = mpsc::channel();

thread::spawn(move || {
    send.send('a').unwrap();
});

assert_eq!(
    recv.recv_timeout(Duration::from_millis(400)),
    Ok('a')
);
Run

Receiving an error upon reaching timeout:

use std::thread;
use std::time::Duration;
use std::sync::mpsc;

let (send, recv) = mpsc::channel();

thread::spawn(move || {
    thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(800));
    send.send('a').unwrap();
});

assert_eq!(
    recv.recv_timeout(Duration::from_millis(400)),
    Err(mpsc::RecvTimeoutError::Timeout)
);
Run
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (deadline_api #46316)

Attempts to wait for a value on this receiver, returning an error if the corresponding channel has hung up, or if deadline is reached.

This function will always block the current thread if there is no data available and it’s possible for more data to be sent. Once a message is sent to the corresponding Sender (or SyncSender), then this receiver will wake up and return that message.

If the corresponding Sender has disconnected, or it disconnects while this call is blocking, this call will wake up and return Err to indicate that no more messages can ever be received on this channel. However, since channels are buffered, messages sent before the disconnect will still be properly received.

Examples

Successfully receiving value before reaching deadline:

#![feature(deadline_api)]
use std::thread;
use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
use std::sync::mpsc;

let (send, recv) = mpsc::channel();

thread::spawn(move || {
    send.send('a').unwrap();
});

assert_eq!(
    recv.recv_deadline(Instant::now() + Duration::from_millis(400)),
    Ok('a')
);
Run

Receiving an error upon reaching deadline:

#![feature(deadline_api)]
use std::thread;
use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
use std::sync::mpsc;

let (send, recv) = mpsc::channel();

thread::spawn(move || {
    thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(800));
    send.send('a').unwrap();
});

assert_eq!(
    recv.recv_deadline(Instant::now() + Duration::from_millis(400)),
    Err(mpsc::RecvTimeoutError::Timeout)
);
Run

Returns an iterator that will block waiting for messages, but never panic!. It will return None when the channel has hung up.

Examples
use std::sync::mpsc::channel;
use std::thread;

let (send, recv) = channel();

thread::spawn(move || {
    send.send(1).unwrap();
    send.send(2).unwrap();
    send.send(3).unwrap();
});

let mut iter = recv.iter();
assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(1));
assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(2));
assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(3));
assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);
Run

Returns an iterator that will attempt to yield all pending values. It will return None if there are no more pending values or if the channel has hung up. The iterator will never panic! or block the user by waiting for values.

Examples
use std::sync::mpsc::channel;
use std::thread;
use std::time::Duration;

let (sender, receiver) = channel();

// nothing is in the buffer yet
assert!(receiver.try_iter().next().is_none());

thread::spawn(move || {
    thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));
    sender.send(1).unwrap();
    sender.send(2).unwrap();
    sender.send(3).unwrap();
});

// nothing is in the buffer yet
assert!(receiver.try_iter().next().is_none());

// block for two seconds
thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(2));

let mut iter = receiver.try_iter();
assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(1));
assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(2));
assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(3));
assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);
Run

Trait Implementations

Formats the value using the given formatter. Read more
Executes the destructor for this type. Read more
The type of the elements being iterated over.
Which kind of iterator are we turning this into?
Creates an iterator from a value. Read more
The type of the elements being iterated over.
Which kind of iterator are we turning this into?
Creates an iterator from a value. Read more

Auto Trait Implementations

Blanket Implementations

Gets the TypeId of self. Read more
Immutably borrows from an owned value. Read more
Mutably borrows from an owned value. Read more

Returns the argument unchanged.

Calls U::from(self).

That is, this conversion is whatever the implementation of From<T> for U chooses to do.

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.
Performs the conversion.
The type returned in the event of a conversion error.
Performs the conversion.