use crate::pp::Breaks::Inconsistent;
use crate::pprust::state::{AnnNode, IterDelimited, PrintState, State, INDENT_UNIT};

use rustc_ast::ptr::P;
use rustc_ast::token;
use rustc_ast::util::literal::escape_byte_str_symbol;
use rustc_ast::util::parser::{self, AssocOp, Fixity};
use rustc_ast::{self as ast, BlockCheckMode};
use rustc_ast::{
    FormatAlignment, FormatArgPosition, FormatArgsPiece, FormatCount, FormatDebugHex, FormatSign,
    FormatTrait,
};
use std::fmt::Write;

impl<'a> State<'a> {
    fn print_else(&mut self, els: Option<&ast::Expr>) {
        if let Some(_else) = els {
            match &_else.kind {
                // Another `else if` block.
                ast::ExprKind::If(i, then, e) => {
                    self.cbox(INDENT_UNIT - 1);
                    self.ibox(0);
                    self.word(" else if ");
                    self.print_expr_as_cond(i);
                    self.space();
                    self.print_block(then);
                    self.print_else(e.as_deref())
                }
                // Final `else` block.
                ast::ExprKind::Block(b, _) => {
                    self.cbox(INDENT_UNIT - 1);
                    self.ibox(0);
                    self.word(" else ");
                    self.print_block(b)
                }
                // Constraints would be great here!
                _ => {
                    panic!("print_if saw if with weird alternative");
                }
            }
        }
    }

    fn print_if(&mut self, test: &ast::Expr, blk: &ast::Block, elseopt: Option<&ast::Expr>) {
        self.head("if");
        self.print_expr_as_cond(test);
        self.space();
        self.print_block(blk);
        self.print_else(elseopt)
    }

    fn print_call_post(&mut self, args: &[P<ast::Expr>]) {
        self.popen();
        self.commasep_exprs(Inconsistent, args);
        self.pclose()
    }

    fn print_expr_maybe_paren(&mut self, expr: &ast::Expr, prec: i8) {
        self.print_expr_cond_paren(expr, expr.precedence().order() < prec)
    }

    /// Prints an expr using syntax that's acceptable in a condition position, such as the `cond` in
    /// `if cond { ... }`.
    fn print_expr_as_cond(&mut self, expr: &ast::Expr) {
        self.print_expr_cond_paren(expr, Self::cond_needs_par(expr))
    }

    /// Does `expr` need parentheses when printed in a condition position?
    ///
    /// These cases need parens due to the parse error observed in #26461: `if return {}`
    /// parses as the erroneous construct `if (return {})`, not `if (return) {}`.
    pub(super) fn cond_needs_par(expr: &ast::Expr) -> bool {
        match expr.kind {
            ast::ExprKind::Break(..)
            | ast::ExprKind::Closure(..)
            | ast::ExprKind::Ret(..)
            | ast::ExprKind::Yeet(..) => true,
            _ => parser::contains_exterior_struct_lit(expr),
        }
    }

    /// Prints `expr` or `(expr)` when `needs_par` holds.
    pub(super) fn print_expr_cond_paren(&mut self, expr: &ast::Expr, needs_par: bool) {
        if needs_par {
            self.popen();
        }
        self.print_expr(expr);
        if needs_par {
            self.pclose();
        }
    }

    fn print_expr_vec(&mut self, exprs: &[P<ast::Expr>]) {
        self.ibox(INDENT_UNIT);
        self.word("[");
        self.commasep_exprs(Inconsistent, exprs);
        self.word("]");
        self.end();
    }

    pub(super) fn print_expr_anon_const(
        &mut self,
        expr: &ast::AnonConst,
        attrs: &[ast::Attribute],
    ) {
        self.ibox(INDENT_UNIT);
        self.word("const");
        self.nbsp();
        if let ast::ExprKind::Block(block, None) = &expr.value.kind {
            self.cbox(0);
            self.ibox(0);
            self.print_block_with_attrs(block, attrs);
        } else {
            self.print_expr(&expr.value);
        }
        self.end();
    }

    fn print_expr_repeat(&mut self, element: &ast::Expr, count: &ast::AnonConst) {
        self.ibox(INDENT_UNIT);
        self.word("[");
        self.print_expr(element);
        self.word_space(";");
        self.print_expr(&count.value);
        self.word("]");
        self.end();
    }

    fn print_expr_struct(
        &mut self,
        qself: &Option<P<ast::QSelf>>,
        path: &ast::Path,
        fields: &[ast::ExprField],
        rest: &ast::StructRest,
    ) {
        if let Some(qself) = qself {
            self.print_qpath(path, qself, true);
        } else {
            self.print_path(path, true, 0);
        }
        self.nbsp();
        self.word("{");
        let has_rest = match rest {
            ast::StructRest::Base(_) | ast::StructRest::Rest(_) => true,
            ast::StructRest::None => false,
        };
        if fields.is_empty() && !has_rest {
            self.word("}");
            return;
        }
        self.cbox(0);
        for field in fields.iter().delimited() {
            self.maybe_print_comment(field.span.hi());
            self.print_outer_attributes(&field.attrs);
            if field.is_first {
                self.space_if_not_bol();
            }
            if !field.is_shorthand {
                self.print_ident(field.ident);
                self.word_nbsp(":");
            }
            self.print_expr(&field.expr);
            if !field.is_last || has_rest {
                self.word_space(",");
            } else {
                self.trailing_comma_or_space();
            }
        }
        if has_rest {
            if fields.is_empty() {
                self.space();
            }
            self.word("..");
            if let ast::StructRest::Base(expr) = rest {
                self.print_expr(expr);
            }
            self.space();
        }
        self.offset(-INDENT_UNIT);
        self.end();
        self.word("}");
    }

    fn print_expr_tup(&mut self, exprs: &[P<ast::Expr>]) {
        self.popen();
        self.commasep_exprs(Inconsistent, exprs);
        if exprs.len() == 1 {
            self.word(",");
        }
        self.pclose()
    }

    fn print_expr_call(&mut self, func: &ast::Expr, args: &[P<ast::Expr>]) {
        let prec = match func.kind {
            ast::ExprKind::Field(..) => parser::PREC_FORCE_PAREN,
            _ => parser::PREC_POSTFIX,
        };

        self.print_expr_maybe_paren(func, prec);
        self.print_call_post(args)
    }

    fn print_expr_method_call(
        &mut self,
        segment: &ast::PathSegment,
        receiver: &ast::Expr,
        base_args: &[P<ast::Expr>],
    ) {
        self.print_expr_maybe_paren(receiver, parser::PREC_POSTFIX);
        self.word(".");
        self.print_ident(segment.ident);
        if let Some(args) = &segment.args {
            self.print_generic_args(args, true);
        }
        self.print_call_post(base_args)
    }

    fn print_expr_binary(&mut self, op: ast::BinOp, lhs: &ast::Expr, rhs: &ast::Expr) {
        let assoc_op = AssocOp::from_ast_binop(op.node);
        let prec = assoc_op.precedence() as i8;
        let fixity = assoc_op.fixity();

        let (left_prec, right_prec) = match fixity {
            Fixity::Left => (prec, prec + 1),
            Fixity::Right => (prec + 1, prec),
            Fixity::None => (prec + 1, prec + 1),
        };

        let left_prec = match (&lhs.kind, op.node) {
            // These cases need parens: `x as i32 < y` has the parser thinking that `i32 < y` is
            // the beginning of a path type. It starts trying to parse `x as (i32 < y ...` instead
            // of `(x as i32) < ...`. We need to convince it _not_ to do that.
            (&ast::ExprKind::Cast { .. }, ast::BinOpKind::Lt | ast::BinOpKind::Shl) => {
                parser::PREC_FORCE_PAREN
            }
            // We are given `(let _ = a) OP b`.
            //
            // - When `OP <= LAnd` we should print `let _ = a OP b` to avoid redundant parens
            //   as the parser will interpret this as `(let _ = a) OP b`.
            //
            // - Otherwise, e.g. when we have `(let a = b) < c` in AST,
            //   parens are required since the parser would interpret `let a = b < c` as
            //   `let a = (b < c)`. To achieve this, we force parens.
            (&ast::ExprKind::Let { .. }, _) if !parser::needs_par_as_let_scrutinee(prec) => {
                parser::PREC_FORCE_PAREN
            }
            // For a binary expression like `(match () { _ => a }) OP b`, the parens are required
            // otherwise the parser would interpret `match () { _ => a }` as a statement,
            // with the remaining `OP b` not making sense. So we force parens.
            (&ast::ExprKind::Match(..), _) => parser::PREC_FORCE_PAREN,
            _ => left_prec,
        };

        self.print_expr_maybe_paren(lhs, left_prec);
        self.space();
        self.word_space(op.node.to_string());
        self.print_expr_maybe_paren(rhs, right_prec)
    }

    fn print_expr_unary(&mut self, op: ast::UnOp, expr: &ast::Expr) {
        self.word(ast::UnOp::to_string(op));
        self.print_expr_maybe_paren(expr, parser::PREC_PREFIX)
    }

    fn print_expr_addr_of(
        &mut self,
        kind: ast::BorrowKind,
        mutability: ast::Mutability,
        expr: &ast::Expr,
    ) {
        self.word("&");
        match kind {
            ast::BorrowKind::Ref => self.print_mutability(mutability, false),
            ast::BorrowKind::Raw => {
                self.word_nbsp("raw");
                self.print_mutability(mutability, true);
            }
        }
        self.print_expr_maybe_paren(expr, parser::PREC_PREFIX)
    }

    pub fn print_expr(&mut self, expr: &ast::Expr) {
        self.print_expr_outer_attr_style(expr, true)
    }

    pub(super) fn print_expr_outer_attr_style(&mut self, expr: &ast::Expr, is_inline: bool) {
        self.maybe_print_comment(expr.span.lo());

        let attrs = &expr.attrs;
        if is_inline {
            self.print_outer_attributes_inline(attrs);
        } else {
            self.print_outer_attributes(attrs);
        }

        self.ibox(INDENT_UNIT);
        self.ann.pre(self, AnnNode::Expr(expr));
        match &expr.kind {
            ast::ExprKind::Array(exprs) => {
                self.print_expr_vec(exprs);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::ConstBlock(anon_const) => {
                self.print_expr_anon_const(anon_const, attrs);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Repeat(element, count) => {
                self.print_expr_repeat(element, count);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Struct(se) => {
                self.print_expr_struct(&se.qself, &se.path, &se.fields, &se.rest);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Tup(exprs) => {
                self.print_expr_tup(exprs);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Call(func, args) => {
                self.print_expr_call(func, args);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::MethodCall(box ast::MethodCall { seg, receiver, args, .. }) => {
                self.print_expr_method_call(seg, receiver, args);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Binary(op, lhs, rhs) => {
                self.print_expr_binary(*op, lhs, rhs);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Unary(op, expr) => {
                self.print_expr_unary(*op, expr);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::AddrOf(k, m, expr) => {
                self.print_expr_addr_of(*k, *m, expr);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Lit(token_lit) => {
                self.print_token_literal(*token_lit, expr.span);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::IncludedBytes(bytes) => {
                let lit = token::Lit::new(token::ByteStr, escape_byte_str_symbol(bytes), None);
                self.print_token_literal(lit, expr.span)
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Cast(expr, ty) => {
                let prec = AssocOp::As.precedence() as i8;
                self.print_expr_maybe_paren(expr, prec);
                self.space();
                self.word_space("as");
                self.print_type(ty);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Type(expr, ty) => {
                self.word("type_ascribe!(");
                self.ibox(0);
                self.print_expr(expr);

                self.word(",");
                self.space_if_not_bol();
                self.print_type(ty);

                self.end();
                self.word(")");
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Let(pat, scrutinee, _, _) => {
                self.print_let(pat, scrutinee);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::If(test, blk, elseopt) => self.print_if(test, blk, elseopt.as_deref()),
            ast::ExprKind::While(test, blk, opt_label) => {
                if let Some(label) = opt_label {
                    self.print_ident(label.ident);
                    self.word_space(":");
                }
                self.cbox(0);
                self.ibox(0);
                self.word_nbsp("while");
                self.print_expr_as_cond(test);
                self.space();
                self.print_block_with_attrs(blk, attrs);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::ForLoop(pat, iter, blk, opt_label) => {
                if let Some(label) = opt_label {
                    self.print_ident(label.ident);
                    self.word_space(":");
                }
                self.cbox(0);
                self.ibox(0);
                self.word_nbsp("for");
                self.print_pat(pat);
                self.space();
                self.word_space("in");
                self.print_expr_as_cond(iter);
                self.space();
                self.print_block_with_attrs(blk, attrs);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Loop(blk, opt_label, _) => {
                if let Some(label) = opt_label {
                    self.print_ident(label.ident);
                    self.word_space(":");
                }
                self.cbox(0);
                self.ibox(0);
                self.word_nbsp("loop");
                self.print_block_with_attrs(blk, attrs);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Match(expr, arms) => {
                self.cbox(0);
                self.ibox(0);
                self.word_nbsp("match");
                self.print_expr_as_cond(expr);
                self.space();
                self.bopen();
                self.print_inner_attributes_no_trailing_hardbreak(attrs);
                for arm in arms {
                    self.print_arm(arm);
                }
                let empty = attrs.is_empty() && arms.is_empty();
                self.bclose(expr.span, empty);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Closure(box ast::Closure {
                binder,
                capture_clause,
                constness,
                asyncness,
                movability,
                fn_decl,
                body,
                fn_decl_span: _,
                fn_arg_span: _,
            }) => {
                self.print_closure_binder(binder);
                self.print_constness(*constness);
                self.print_movability(*movability);
                self.print_asyncness(*asyncness);
                self.print_capture_clause(*capture_clause);

                self.print_fn_params_and_ret(fn_decl, true);
                self.space();
                self.print_expr(body);
                self.end(); // need to close a box

                // a box will be closed by print_expr, but we didn't want an overall
                // wrapper so we closed the corresponding opening. so create an
                // empty box to satisfy the close.
                self.ibox(0);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Block(blk, opt_label) => {
                if let Some(label) = opt_label {
                    self.print_ident(label.ident);
                    self.word_space(":");
                }
                // containing cbox, will be closed by print-block at }
                self.cbox(0);
                // head-box, will be closed by print-block after {
                self.ibox(0);
                self.print_block_with_attrs(blk, attrs);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Async(capture_clause, blk) => {
                self.word_nbsp("async");
                self.print_capture_clause(*capture_clause);
                // cbox/ibox in analogy to the `ExprKind::Block` arm above
                self.cbox(0);
                self.ibox(0);
                self.print_block_with_attrs(blk, attrs);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Await(expr, _) => {
                self.print_expr_maybe_paren(expr, parser::PREC_POSTFIX);
                self.word(".await");
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Assign(lhs, rhs, _) => {
                let prec = AssocOp::Assign.precedence() as i8;
                self.print_expr_maybe_paren(lhs, prec + 1);
                self.space();
                self.word_space("=");
                self.print_expr_maybe_paren(rhs, prec);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::AssignOp(op, lhs, rhs) => {
                let prec = AssocOp::Assign.precedence() as i8;
                self.print_expr_maybe_paren(lhs, prec + 1);
                self.space();
                self.word(op.node.to_string());
                self.word_space("=");
                self.print_expr_maybe_paren(rhs, prec);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Field(expr, ident) => {
                self.print_expr_maybe_paren(expr, parser::PREC_POSTFIX);
                self.word(".");
                self.print_ident(*ident);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Index(expr, index, _) => {
                self.print_expr_maybe_paren(expr, parser::PREC_POSTFIX);
                self.word("[");
                self.print_expr(index);
                self.word("]");
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Range(start, end, limits) => {
                // Special case for `Range`. `AssocOp` claims that `Range` has higher precedence
                // than `Assign`, but `x .. x = x` gives a parse error instead of `x .. (x = x)`.
                // Here we use a fake precedence value so that any child with lower precedence than
                // a "normal" binop gets parenthesized. (`LOr` is the lowest-precedence binop.)
                let fake_prec = AssocOp::LOr.precedence() as i8;
                if let Some(e) = start {
                    self.print_expr_maybe_paren(e, fake_prec);
                }
                match limits {
                    ast::RangeLimits::HalfOpen => self.word(".."),
                    ast::RangeLimits::Closed => self.word("..="),
                }
                if let Some(e) = end {
                    self.print_expr_maybe_paren(e, fake_prec);
                }
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Underscore => self.word("_"),
            ast::ExprKind::Path(None, path) => self.print_path(path, true, 0),
            ast::ExprKind::Path(Some(qself), path) => self.print_qpath(path, qself, true),
            ast::ExprKind::Break(opt_label, opt_expr) => {
                self.word("break");
                if let Some(label) = opt_label {
                    self.space();
                    self.print_ident(label.ident);
                }
                if let Some(expr) = opt_expr {
                    self.space();
                    self.print_expr_maybe_paren(expr, parser::PREC_JUMP);
                }
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Continue(opt_label) => {
                self.word("continue");
                if let Some(label) = opt_label {
                    self.space();
                    self.print_ident(label.ident);
                }
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Ret(result) => {
                self.word("return");
                if let Some(expr) = result {
                    self.word(" ");
                    self.print_expr_maybe_paren(expr, parser::PREC_JUMP);
                }
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Yeet(result) => {
                self.word("do");
                self.word(" ");
                self.word("yeet");
                if let Some(expr) = result {
                    self.word(" ");
                    self.print_expr_maybe_paren(expr, parser::PREC_JUMP);
                }
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Become(result) => {
                self.word("become");
                self.word(" ");
                self.print_expr_maybe_paren(result, parser::PREC_JUMP);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::InlineAsm(a) => {
                // FIXME: This should have its own syntax, distinct from a macro invocation.
                self.word("asm!");
                self.print_inline_asm(a);
            }
            ast::ExprKind::FormatArgs(fmt) => {
                // FIXME: This should have its own syntax, distinct from a macro invocation.
                self.word("format_args!");
                self.popen();
                self.rbox(0, Inconsistent);
                self.word(reconstruct_format_args_template_string(&fmt.template));
                for arg in fmt.arguments.all_args() {
                    self.word_space(",");
                    self.print_expr(&arg.expr);
                }
                self.end();
                self.pclose();
            }
            ast::ExprKind::OffsetOf(container, fields) => {
                self.word("builtin # offset_of");
                self.popen();
                self.rbox(0, Inconsistent);
                self.print_type(container);
                self.word(",");
                self.space();

                if let Some((&first, rest)) = fields.split_first() {
                    self.print_ident(first);

                    for &field in rest {
                        self.word(".");
                        self.print_ident(field);
                    }
                }
                self.pclose();
                self.end();
            }
            ast::ExprKind::MacCall(m) => self.print_mac(m),
            ast::ExprKind::Paren(e) => {
                self.popen();
                self.print_expr(e);
                self.pclose();
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Yield(e) => {
                self.word("yield");

                if let Some(expr) = e {
                    self.space();
                    self.print_expr_maybe_paren(expr, parser::PREC_JUMP);
                }
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Try(e) => {
                self.print_expr_maybe_paren(e, parser::PREC_POSTFIX);
                self.word("?")
            }
            ast::ExprKind::TryBlock(blk) => {
                self.cbox(0);
                self.ibox(0);
                self.word_nbsp("try");
                self.print_block_with_attrs(blk, attrs)
            }
            ast::ExprKind::Err => {
                self.popen();
                self.word("/*ERROR*/");
                self.pclose()
            }
        }
        self.ann.post(self, AnnNode::Expr(expr));
        self.end();
    }

    fn print_arm(&mut self, arm: &ast::Arm) {
        // Note, I have no idea why this check is necessary, but here it is.
        if arm.attrs.is_empty() {
            self.space();
        }
        self.cbox(INDENT_UNIT);
        self.ibox(0);
        self.maybe_print_comment(arm.pat.span.lo());
        self.print_outer_attributes(&arm.attrs);
        self.print_pat(&arm.pat);
        self.space();
        if let Some(e) = &arm.guard {
            self.word_space("if");
            self.print_expr(e);
            self.space();
        }
        self.word_space("=>");

        match &arm.body.kind {
            ast::ExprKind::Block(blk, opt_label) => {
                if let Some(label) = opt_label {
                    self.print_ident(label.ident);
                    self.word_space(":");
                }

                // The block will close the pattern's ibox.
                self.print_block_unclosed_indent(blk);

                // If it is a user-provided unsafe block, print a comma after it.
                if let BlockCheckMode::Unsafe(ast::UserProvided) = blk.rules {
                    self.word(",");
                }
            }
            _ => {
                self.end(); // Close the ibox for the pattern.
                self.print_expr(&arm.body);
                self.word(",");
            }
        }
        self.end(); // Close enclosing cbox.
    }

    fn print_closure_binder(&mut self, binder: &ast::ClosureBinder) {
        match binder {
            ast::ClosureBinder::NotPresent => {}
            ast::ClosureBinder::For { generic_params, .. } => {
                self.print_formal_generic_params(generic_params)
            }
        }
    }

    fn print_movability(&mut self, movability: ast::Movability) {
        match movability {
            ast::Movability::Static => self.word_space("static"),
            ast::Movability::Movable => {}
        }
    }

    fn print_capture_clause(&mut self, capture_clause: ast::CaptureBy) {
        match capture_clause {
            ast::CaptureBy::Value => self.word_space("move"),
            ast::CaptureBy::Ref => {}
        }
    }
}

pub fn reconstruct_format_args_template_string(pieces: &[FormatArgsPiece]) -> String {
    let mut template = "\"".to_string();
    for piece in pieces {
        match piece {
            FormatArgsPiece::Literal(s) => {
                for c in s.as_str().escape_debug() {
                    template.push(c);
                    if let '{' | '}' = c {
                        template.push(c);
                    }
                }
            }
            FormatArgsPiece::Placeholder(p) => {
                template.push('{');
                let (Ok(n) | Err(n)) = p.argument.index;
                write!(template, "{n}").unwrap();
                if p.format_options != Default::default() || p.format_trait != FormatTrait::Display
                {
                    template.push(':');
                }
                if let Some(fill) = p.format_options.fill {
                    template.push(fill);
                }
                match p.format_options.alignment {
                    Some(FormatAlignment::Left) => template.push('<'),
                    Some(FormatAlignment::Right) => template.push('>'),
                    Some(FormatAlignment::Center) => template.push('^'),
                    None => {}
                }
                match p.format_options.sign {
                    Some(FormatSign::Plus) => template.push('+'),
                    Some(FormatSign::Minus) => template.push('-'),
                    None => {}
                }
                if p.format_options.alternate {
                    template.push('#');
                }
                if p.format_options.zero_pad {
                    template.push('0');
                }
                if let Some(width) = &p.format_options.width {
                    match width {
                        FormatCount::Literal(n) => write!(template, "{n}").unwrap(),
                        FormatCount::Argument(FormatArgPosition {
                            index: Ok(n) | Err(n), ..
                        }) => {
                            write!(template, "{n}$").unwrap();
                        }
                    }
                }
                if let Some(precision) = &p.format_options.precision {
                    template.push('.');
                    match precision {
                        FormatCount::Literal(n) => write!(template, "{n}").unwrap(),
                        FormatCount::Argument(FormatArgPosition {
                            index: Ok(n) | Err(n), ..
                        }) => {
                            write!(template, "{n}$").unwrap();
                        }
                    }
                }
                match p.format_options.debug_hex {
                    Some(FormatDebugHex::Lower) => template.push('x'),
                    Some(FormatDebugHex::Upper) => template.push('X'),
                    None => {}
                }
                template.push_str(match p.format_trait {
                    FormatTrait::Display => "",
                    FormatTrait::Debug => "?",
                    FormatTrait::LowerExp => "e",
                    FormatTrait::UpperExp => "E",
                    FormatTrait::Octal => "o",
                    FormatTrait::Pointer => "p",
                    FormatTrait::Binary => "b",
                    FormatTrait::LowerHex => "x",
                    FormatTrait::UpperHex => "X",
                });
                template.push('}');
            }
        }
    }
    template.push('"');
    template
}