Module std::alloc

1.28.0 · source ·
Expand description

Memory allocation APIs.

In a given program, the standard library has one “global” memory allocator that is used for example by Box<T> and Vec<T>.

Currently the default global allocator is unspecified. Libraries, however, like cdylibs and staticlibs are guaranteed to use the System by default.

The #[global_allocator] attribute

This attribute allows configuring the choice of global allocator. You can use this to implement a completely custom global allocator to route all default allocation requests to a custom object.

use std::alloc::{GlobalAlloc, System, Layout};

struct MyAllocator;

unsafe impl GlobalAlloc for MyAllocator {
    unsafe fn alloc(&self, layout: Layout) -> *mut u8 {
        System.alloc(layout)
    }

    unsafe fn dealloc(&self, ptr: *mut u8, layout: Layout) {
        System.dealloc(ptr, layout)
    }
}

#[global_allocator]
static GLOBAL: MyAllocator = MyAllocator;

fn main() {
    // This `Vec` will allocate memory through `GLOBAL` above
    let mut v = Vec::new();
    v.push(1);
}
Run

The attribute is used on a static item whose type implements the GlobalAlloc trait. This type can be provided by an external library:

use jemallocator::Jemalloc;

#[global_allocator]
static GLOBAL: Jemalloc = Jemalloc;

fn main() {}
Run

The #[global_allocator] can only be used once in a crate or its recursive dependencies.

Structs

AllocErrorExperimental
The AllocError error indicates an allocation failure that may be due to resource exhaustion or to something wrong when combining the given input arguments with this allocator.
GlobalExperimental
The global memory allocator.
Layout of a block of memory.
The parameters given to Layout::from_size_align or some other Layout constructor do not satisfy its documented constraints.
The default memory allocator provided by the operating system.

Traits

AllocatorExperimental
An implementation of Allocator can allocate, grow, shrink, and deallocate arbitrary blocks of data described via Layout.
A memory allocator that can be registered as the standard library’s default through the #[global_allocator] attribute.

Functions

Registers a custom allocation error hook, replacing any that was previously registered.
Unregisters the current allocation error hook, returning it.
Allocate memory with the global allocator.
Allocate zero-initialized memory with the global allocator.
Deallocate memory with the global allocator.
Abort on memory allocation error or failure.
Reallocate memory with the global allocator.

Type Definitions

LayoutErrDeprecated